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焓者,熱理能量也。 H = U + p V {\displaystyle H=U+pV}
闔子系統焓之和曰: H = ∑ k H k , {\displaystyle H=\sum _{k}H_{k},} H者,子系統總焓也;k者,各子系統也;Hk者,各子系統之焓也。
微分形式曰: d H = d U + d ( p ⋅ V ) = T ⋅ d S − p ⋅ d V + p ⋅ d V + V ⋅ d p = T ⋅ d S + V ⋅ d p {\displaystyle \mathrm {d} H=\mathrm {d} U+{d}(p\cdot V)=T\cdot {d}S-p\cdot {d}V+p\cdot {d}V+V\cdot {d}p=T\cdot {d}S+V\cdot {d}p}