摩天大樓
摩天大樓者，層臺累榭，聳壑昂霄，危樓也。格致日新，近代乃有之。異名頗多，若摩天樓[一]、高樓、高層大樓、超高層建築[一]云。
按今制，高踰三十丈（約百粎），始得名此[一][二]（或四十五丈暨百五十粎以上[三]）。原夫是制，興於西曆一八八零年代，初僅十數層[四]，世已詫為摩天矣。其設也，或開官署，或置客舍，或安民居，或列肆廛，不一而足。
其造法獨特，多植鋼骨爲幹，外被輕垣，狀若垂帷，故名「幕牆」（蟹字curtain wall）。此論首倡於歐西匠師維奧萊氏[五]。夫舊制築室，必厚其墉以承棟宇之重；茲法則以鋼骨任重，牆特蔽風雨而已，不以載物。是以其墉雖薄，而樓可極高，勝於磚石舊構遠矣。
兼查
[纂]據
[纂]- ↑ 一點〇 一點一 一點二 《中国艺术百科辞典》。商务印书馆以二〇〇四年刊之，ISBN 7100036038。
- ↑ Skyscraper, Emporis Standards
- ↑ What is a Skyscraper?
- ↑ Petruzzello氏（名Melissa）《Skyscraper》曰：
收「Encyclopædia Britannica」，二〇二二年二月二十一日覽之，而原本以二〇二〇年一月七日存檔。Skyscraper, very tall, multistoried building. The name first came into use during the 1880s, shortly after the first skyscrapers were built, in the United States. The development of skyscrapers came as a result of the coincidence of several technological and social developments. The term skyscraper originally applied to buildings of 10 to 20 stories, but by the late 20th century the term was used to describe high-rise buildings of unusual height, generally greater than 40 or 50 stories.
- ↑ Hoffmann, Donald. Frank Lloyd Wright and Viollet-le-Duc. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians. 1969, 28 (3): 173–183 [2023-06-10]. ISSN 0037-9808. JSTOR 988556. doi:10.2307/988556. （原文存卷於2023-03-14）.